Birmingham-Hoover, AL

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

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2022 Population

1.11M

0.403% 1-year growth

US Senator

Tommy Tuberville

Republican Party

US Senator

Katie Britt

Republican Party

2022 Median Age

38.9

0.258% 1-year increase

2022 Poverty Rate

13.6%

0.653% 1-year decrease

2022 Median Household Income

$68,329

8.68% 1-year growth

2022 Median Property Value

$216,200

17.9% 1-year growth

2022 Employed Population

518,512

1.74% 1-year growth

About

In 2022, Birmingham-Hoover, AL had a population of 1.11M people with a median age of 38.9 and a median household income of $68,329. Between 2021 and 2022 the population of Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew from 1.11M to 1.11M, a 0.403% increase and its median household income grew from $62,873 to $68,329, a 8.68% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are White (Non-Hispanic) (61%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (30%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.18%), Other (Hispanic) (1.76%), and White (Hispanic) (1.75%).

None of the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

97.6% of the residents in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,377 degrees awarded in 2022), Samford University (1,733 degrees), and Jefferson State Community College (1,652 degrees).

In 2022, the median property value in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was $216,200, and the homeownership rate was 70.2%.

Most people in Birmingham-Hoover, AL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 27 minutes. The average car ownership in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 2 cars per household.

Birmingham-Hoover, AL borders Albertville, AL, Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville, AL, Cullman, AL, Gadsden, AL, Montgomery, AL, Selma, AL, Talladega-Sylacauga, AL, and Tuscaloosa, AL.

Photo by Nicolas Henderson

United States Alabama

Population & Diversity

Birmingham-Hoover, AL is home to a population of 1.11M people, from which 97.6% are citizens. As of 2022, 3.93% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents were born outside of the country (43.7k people).

In 2022, there were 2.03 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (679k people) in Birmingham-Hoover, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 334k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 24.3k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

97.6%

2022 Citizenship

97.7%

2021 Citizenship

As of 2022, 97.6% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.5%. In 2021, the percentage of US citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 97.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham-Hoover, AL

White (Non-Hispanic)
679k ± 855
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
334k ± 1.89k
Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
24.3k ± 1.8k

4.8%

Hispanic Population

53.5k people

4.8% of the people in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are hispanic (53.5k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Birmingham-Hoover, AL as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Alabama.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
45,935 ± 5,238 people
Guatemala
15,043 ± 3,007 people
India
10,012 ± 2,454 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 45,935 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 15,043 and India with 10,012.

Foreign-Born Population

3.93%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

43.7k people

3.82%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

42.4k people

As of 2022, 3.93% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents (43.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2021, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 3.82%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
18,609 ± 987
Gulf War (2001-)
12,598 ± 1,023
Gulf War (1990s)
9,089 ± 893

Birmingham-Hoover, AL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.48 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Birmingham-Hoover, AL employs 519k people. The largest industries in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are Health Care & Social Assistance (78,880 people), Retail Trade (56,886 people), and Manufacturing (51,676 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($92,063), Management of Companies & Enterprises ($91,681), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($72,007).

Males in Alabama have an average income that is 1.43 times higher than the average income of females, which is $50,264. The income inequality in Alabama (measured using the Gini index) is 0.458, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

519k

2022 Value

± 6,369

1.74%

1 Year growth

± 1.73%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew at a rate of 1.74%, from 510k employees to 519k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (56,752 people), Sales & Related Occupations (53,390 people), and Management Occupations (53,165 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Birmingham-Hoover, AL.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Alabama (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

519k

2022 Value

± 6,369

1.74%

1 Year growth

± 1.73%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew at a rate of 1.74%, from 510k employees to 519k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, are Health Care & Social Assistance (78,880 people), Retail Trade (56,886 people), and Manufacturing (51,676 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Birmingham-Hoover, AL, though some of these residents may live in Birmingham-Hoover, AL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$53,218

Median earning men ± $949

$37,662

Median earning women ± $943

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2022 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($87,630), Information ($69,969), and Wholesale Trade ($65,412).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2022 are Information ($53,625), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($51,440), and Public Administration ($50,582).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Y-Axis

2.1%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 2.13M people employed in Alabama. This represents a 2.1% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 11.2%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Alabama.

Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

1,994
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
1,790
Other Services (except Public Administration)
1,772
Retail Trade

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

Depending on the option selected, the visualization shows the number of employees or number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll

$5.03M
Health Care and Social Assistance
$3.59M
Finance and Insurance
$2.49M
Manufacturing

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 62% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (36.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.08%).

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing the state of Alabama. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Birmingham-Hoover, AL. Showing the available data for Alabama.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (62%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (36.6%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (1.08%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 62% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (36.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.08%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Alabama for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Alabama

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Tommy Tuberville

Senator from Alabama

Assumed office on January 3, 2021

Katie Britt

Senator from Alabama

Assumed office on January 3, 2023

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing Alabama.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Alabama over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Alabama

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Alabama have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL awarded 12,315 degrees. The student population of Birmingham-Hoover, AL in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 16,299 male students and 29,830 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are White (7,396 and 62%), followed by Black or African American (2,940 and 24.7%), Asian (509 and 4.27%), and Hispanic or Latino (478 and 4.01%).

The largest universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL by number of degrees awarded are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,377 and 51.8%), Samford University (1,733 and 14.1%), and Jefferson State Community College (1,652 and 13.4%).

The most popular majors in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are Registered Nursing (1,367 and 11.1%), General Business Administration & Management (621 and 5.04%), and General Studies (606 and 4.92%).

The median tuition costs in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are $15,910 for private four year colleges, and $10,461 and $23,163 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2022 in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 75.2%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 22.7%. The number of students enrolled in 2022 was 46,129 (35.3% men and 64.7% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2022 there were 46,129 students enrolled in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, 35.3% men and 64.7% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 24,353 records, of which 63.2% were women and 36.8% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
484 degrees awarded
General Psychology
328 degrees awarded
General Business Administration & Management
238 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was Registered Nursing with 484 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Birmingham-Hoover, AL according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

University of Alabama at Birmingham
6,377 degrees awarded
Samford University
1,733 degrees awarded
Jefferson State Community College
1,652 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Alabama at Birmingham with 6,377 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2022, 4,231 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, which is 0.523 times less than the 8,084 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 7,396 degrees mean that there were 2.52 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 2,940 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($15,910) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2022.

Public, 4-year or above ($1,620) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2022.

Public, 2-year ($1,926) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Measure

In 2022, 0.905% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.822% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (1.23M), Some college (913k), and Secondary Education (625k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was $216,200 in 2022, which is 0.767 times smaller than the national average of $281,900. Between 2021 and 2022 the median property value increased from $183,400 to $216,200, a 17.9% increase. The homeownership rate in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is 70.2%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.8%.

People in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have an average commute time of 27 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is $68,329. In 2022, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was Shelby County, AL with a value of $90,618, followed by Limestone County, AL and Madison County, AL, with respective values of $80,146 and $78,058.

Housing

Property

$216,200

Median Property Value 2022

±$2,630

$301,133

Median Property Taxes

±$4,512

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Birmingham-Hoover, AL the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

70.2%

Homeownership

2022

68.1%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2022

In 2022, 70.2% of the housing units in Birmingham-Hoover, AL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 69.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2022, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was Shelby County, AL with a value of $90,618, followed by Limestone County, AL and Madison County, AL, with respective values of $80,146 and $78,058.

The following map shows all of the counties in Birmingham-Hoover, AL colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$68,329

Median Household Income

± $904

429k

Number of Households

± 5,581

In 2022, the median household income of the 429k households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew to $68,329 from the previous year's value of $62,873.

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Birmingham-Hoover, AL is from Alabama.

0.458

2022 Wage GINI in Alabama

0.458

2021 Wage GINI in Alabama

In 2022, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.458 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0777% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2022

Drove Alone (80.5%)
Worked At Home (9.08%)
Carpooled (7.95%)

In 2022, 80.5% of workers in Birmingham-Hoover, AL drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (9.08%) and those who carpooled to work (7.95%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

27 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have a longer commute time (27 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.7 minutes). Additionally, 1.79% of the workforce in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

13.6% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Birmingham-Hoover, AL (148k out of 1.09M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

91.4% of the population of Birmingham-Hoover, AL has health coverage, with 50% on employee plans, 14.5% on Medicaid, 12.7% on Medicare, 12.7% on non-group plans, and 1.52% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Alabama see 1520 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.0658% increase from the previous year (1519 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2054 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 797 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

1,520 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Alabama

Primary care physicians in Alabama see an average of 1,520 patients per year. This represents a 0.0658% increase from the previous year (1,519 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alabama in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2022, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.4% under 18 years, 20.9% between 18 and 34 years, 38.4% between 35 and 64 years, and 16.3% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47.2% were men and 52.8% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

8.57%

Uninsured

50%

Employer Coverage

14.5%

Medicaid

12.7%

Medicare

12.7%

Non-Group

1.52%

Military or VA

Between 2021 and 2022, the percent of uninsured citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL declined by 1.61% from 8.71% to 8.57%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Birmingham-Hoover, AL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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